An umbrella company is an accounting and administration facility for freelance contractors. The
contractor umbrella company evolved from the practice of having to complete all the administration 'by hand'.
Today an umbrella company, like Contractors Umbrella Company, does all the paperwork which comes with contracting, things like:

It is of course possible for a contractor to do these tasks, and after the first few months it will become easier & easier. But...who wants to!
Why spend hours each week - of your own time - pouring over an assortment of forms when there's companies like Contractors Umbrella Company who will do it all for you?
Contractors who go to the bother of managing their own limited company don't do it to save money! A limited company still needs to engage an accountant - and that's probably going to cost around £2,000 each year.
Compare that with an all inclusive umbrella company at less than £15 a week. If you work 48 weeks in a year that's less than half the price!
It's a process. A flow of data between the four stakeholders in the chain: Contractor - Umbrella Company - Recruitment Agency - Client.
The outward flow is paperwork (timesheets and invoices), the return flow is money (fees, tax and VAT). The payment process is triggered by submitting a timsheet and ends with cash in the bank account.
